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Calendar year
1781 (MDCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1781st
1781
1781 siege of the American Revolutionary War
known as the Battle of Yorktown and the surrender at Yorktown, took place in 1781 and was the final major land engagement of the American Revolutionary War
Siege_of_Yorktown
Galaxy in the constellation Lepus
NGC 1781 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Lepus. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4,998±29 km/s, which corresponds
NGC_1781
one account was a French privateer sloop commissioned in French Guiana in 1781. Another account has her as a Dutch merchant vessel purchased into service
Orénoque
This article is about the particular significance of the year 1781 to Wales and its people. Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey - Sir Nicholas Bayly, 2nd Baronet
1781_in_Wales
Prussian prince and army officer
Frederick Henry Charles of Prussia (German: Friedrich Heinrich Karl; 30 December 1781, Berlin - 12 July 1846, Rome) was a Prussian prince and army officer. Henry
Prince Henry of Prussia (1781–1846)
Prince_Henry_of_Prussia_(1781–1846)
year 1781 in Austria Monarch – Joseph II State Chancellor - Wenzel Anton - Patent of Toleration - Austro-Russian alliance (1781) - Serfdom Patent (1781) -
1781_in_Austria
Events from the year 1781 in Russia Monarch – Catherine II Austro-Russian alliance (1781) Cheboksary granted city status Great Gatchina Palace completed
1781_in_Russia
American Founding Father, jurist and legislator (1730–1781)
Richard Stockton (October 1, 1730 – February 28, 1781) was an American Founding Father, lawyer, jurist, legislator, and first person from New Jersey to
Richard Stockton (Continental Congressman)
Richard_Stockton_(Continental_Congressman)
1781 Battle of the Second Anglo-Mysore War
The Battle of Pollilur was fought on 27 August 1781, between forces of the Kingdom of Mysore under Hyder Ali and British East India Company forces led
Battle_of_Pollilur_(1781)
Military alliance between Austria and Russia
alliance signed by the Habsburg monarchy and the Russian Empire in May–June 1781. Russia was previously allied with Prussia (Russo-Prussian Alliance). However
Austro-Russian Alliance (1781)
Austro-Russian_Alliance_(1781)
Naval engagement
The Action of 25 February 1781 was a naval engagement fought off Cape Finisterre between the Spanish naval frigate sixth rate Graña of 30 guns and the
Action_of_25_February_1781
Ship of the line of the Royal Navy
launched by William Barnard at Barnard's Thames Yard in Deptford on 11 April 1781. Africa was a 64-gun third-rate Inflexible-class ship of the line designed
HMS_Africa_(1781)
1781 invasion of the American Revolutionary War
invasion of Minorca was therefore planned during the first few months of 1781, largely by Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon. In theory, he was working
Invasion_of_Minorca_(1781)
Irish landowner (1699/1700–1781)
Alexander Stewart (1699/1700 – 2 April 1781) was an Irish landowner who grew rich by inheriting a fortune from Robert Cowan, an East India Company official
Alexander_Stewart_(1699–1781)
Proclamation of the Habsburg monarchy
The Serfdom Patent of 1 November 1781 aimed to abolish aspects of the traditional serfdom (German: Leibeigenschaft) system of the Habsburg monarchy through
Serfdom_Patent_(1781)
Deputy ranger
Philip Meadows (1708–1781) was Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park (1761–1781). He was the third son of Sir Philip Meadowes and Dorothy, sister of Hugh Boscawen
Philip_Meadows_(died_1781)
Leader of an uprising in Peru
Gabriel Condorcanqui Noguera or José Gabriel Túpac Amaru, c. 1742 – May 18, 1781) was an Indigenous cacique who led a large Andean rebellion against the Spanish
Túpac_Amaru_II
from the year 1781 in art. April 30 – The Royal Academy Exhibition of 1781 opens at Somerset House in London August 25 – The Salon of 1781 opens at the
1781_in_art
English politician
Richard Arkwright (30 September 1781 – 28 March 1832) was an English politician. He was the oldest son of Richard Arkwright (died 1843) of Willersley Castle
Richard_Arkwright_(1781–1832)
1781 in philosophy Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason (1781) January 30 Adelbert von Chamisso (died 1838) May 6 - Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
1781_in_philosophy
A gubernatorial election was held in Virginia on November 30, 1781. The delegate from Charles City County Benjamin Harrison V defeated the former delegate
November 1781 Virginia gubernatorial election
November_1781_Virginia_gubernatorial_election
This is a list of acts of the Parliament of Ireland for the years from 1781 to 1790. The number shown by each act's title is its chapter number. Acts are
List of acts of the Parliament of Ireland, 1781–1790
List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_Ireland,_1781–1790
English politician (1700–1781)
William Aislabie (1700 – 17 May 1781) of Studley Royal, North Yorkshire was an English landowner and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons for
William_Aislabie_(1700–1781)
Events from the year 1781 in France. Monarch – Louis XVI 6 January – Battle of Jersey May – Invasion of Tobago 12 December – Battle of Ushant Messier 87
1781_in_France
Third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy
of her construction was £38,303 15s 4d. She was commissioned on 28 March 1781 under Captain Benjamin Caldwell—a full 13 days before her launch on 10 April
HMS_Agamemnon_(1781)
Events in the year 1781 in Iceland. Monarch: Christian VII Governor of Iceland: Lauritz Andreas Thodal Tjöruhúsið, Neðstikaupstaður was built in Ísafjörður
1781_in_Iceland
Title in the peerage of Ireland
created Viscount Conyngham, in Ireland, also in the Peerage of Ireland. In 1781 he was made Baron Conyngham, of Mount Charles in the County of Donegal, with
Marquess_Conyngham
Tobago) – 1779–1781 George Ferguson (Lt Governor of Tobago) – 1781 – 2 June 1781 Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande – 2 June 1781 – 1784 Rene Maria
List of colonial governors and administrators of Tobago
List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_Tobago
American politician and jurist (1725–1781)
Martin Howard (c. 1725 – November 1781) was a colonial official who served as the 14th and last British chief justice of North Carolina from 1767 to 1776
Martin_Howard
campaign (1777–1778) Yorktown campaign (1781) Northern theater of the American Revolutionary War after Saratoga (1778–1781) Southern theater of the American
List of American Revolutionary War battles
List_of_American_Revolutionary_War_battles
American Founding Father and merchant (1721–1783)
signed the Articles of Confederation in 1781 after Maryland joined the other states in ratifying them. In November 1781, following ratification of the articles
John_Hanson
The year 1781 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Brizlee Tower, Alnwick, Northumberland, England, a folly
1781_in_architecture
despite warnings from other leaders to act earlier, sieged Cusco on 4 January, 1781. The first set of reinforcements sent from Lima led by Gabriel de Avilés
Siege_of_Cusco_(1781)
County of York, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 8 June 1781 for John Ingilby. He was the illegitimate son of the 4th Baronet of the 1642
Ingilby baronets of Ripley Castle (1781)
Ingilby_baronets_of_Ripley_Castle_(1781)
The 1781 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1781. The councilor from Kent County John Dickinson was elected president of Delaware
1781 Delaware gubernatorial election
1781_Delaware_gubernatorial_election
Painting by John Singleton Copley
The Death of Major Peirson, 6 January 1781 is a large 1783 oil painting by the Anglo-American artist John Singleton Copley. It depicts the death of Major
The Death of Major Peirson, 6 January 1781
The_Death_of_Major_Peirson,_6_January_1781
1781 art exhibition in Paris
The Salon of 1781 was an art exhibition held at the Louvre in Paris. Part of the regular series of Salons organised by the Académie Royale, it ran from
Salon_of_1781
Military unit
detached light infantry companies from several infantry regiments in September 1781. Its two brigades were made up of three battalions each, though the second
Light Infantry Division at Yorktown (1781)
Light_Infantry_Division_at_Yorktown_(1781)
Chief of the Zulus
King Jama kaNdaba (c. 1727–1781), the son of Ndaba kaMageba, was king of the Zulu Kingdom from 1763 to 1781. It is alleged he prophesied the birth of King
Jama_kaNdaba
Belisarius was launched in Massachusetts in 1781. The British Royal Navy captured later that year and took her into service as HMS Bellisarius. She captured
Belisarius_(1781_ship)
African-born Russian general and military engineer
Hannibal or Abram Petrov (Russian: Абра́м Петро́вич Ганниба́л; c. 1696 – 14 May 1781), was a Russian Chief Military Engineer, General-in-Chief, and nobleman of
Abram_Petrovich_Gannibal
English actor and manager of plays
John Lee (1725–1781) was an English actor and manager of plays. He is first heard of at the theatre in Leman Street, Goodman's Fields, London where he
John_Lee_(British_actor)
French oboist and composer
Gustave Vogt (18 March 1781 – 20 May 1870) was a French oboist and composer. Born in Strasbourg, Vogt followed his parents to Paris at a very young age
Gustave_Vogt
name. Rover appeared in British records in 1781. She became a privateer and survived a severe engagement in 1781. Circa 1782 ownership of Rover transferred
Rover_(1781_ship)
Danish county governor and headmaster
Wolf Veit Christoph von Reitzenstein (30 November 1710 – 25 December 1781) was a Danish county governor and headmaster of Sorø Academy. Reitzenstein was
Wolf Veit Christoph von Reitzenstein
Wolf_Veit_Christoph_von_Reitzenstein
1781 action of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
The action of 30 May 1781, also known as the Battle of Cape St Mary (Dutch: Zeegevecht bij Kaap Sint-Marie) was a naval battle fought between two Royal
Action_of_30_May_1781
1781 battle of the American Revolutionary War
off the coast of Brittany, on 12 December 1781, as part of the American Revolutionary War. On 10 December 1781, a French convoy sailed from Brest with reinforcements
Battle_of_Ushant_(1781)
1781 military campaign of the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War that culminated in the siege of Yorktown in October 1781. The result of the campaign was the surrender of the British Army force of
Yorktown_campaign
Irish Member of Parliament
(1724 - 1781) of Dorset Street, Dublin was an Anglo-Irish Member of Parliament in the Irish House of Commons from 1768 until his death in 1781. Before
Arthur Loftus (politician, died 1781)
Arthur_Loftus_(politician,_died_1781)
1781 battle of the American Revolutionary War
Camden) was a battle of the American Revolutionary War fought on April 25, 1781, near Camden, South Carolina. A small American force under Nathanael Greene
Battle_of_Hobkirk's_Hill
British title
County of Lancaster, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 8 June 1781 for John Mosley, a distant relation of the 2nd and 3rd Baronets of the 1720
Mosley baronets of Ancoats (1781)
Mosley_baronets_of_Ancoats_(1781)
article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1781. March 27 – George Crabbe writes to Edmund Burke, enclosing examples of his
1781_in_literature
Minor battle of the American War of Independence
The action of 4 January 1781 was a minor battle of the American Revolutionary War. A French frigate division, departing Brest, met two British 74-gun ships
Action_of_4_January_1781
Military unit
companies. On 1 January 1781, the regiment was reassigned to the 1st Massachusetts Brigade of the Highland's Department. On 18 June 1781, the regiment was reassigned
10th_Massachusetts_Regiment
Colonial army during the American Revolutionary War
West Point, New York, 1780–1781 Pennsylvania Line at Jockey Hollow, Morristown, New Jersey, 1780–1781. Newburgh, New York, 1781–1782 New Jersey Brigade at
Continental_Army
Italian painter (1781–1861)
Pietro Ronzoni (1781 in Sedrina, Bergamo – 1861 in Bergamo) was an Italian painter. Trained in Rome under the guidance of the landscape painter Luigi Campovecchio
Pietro_Ronzoni
Cricket season review
The earliest known mention of cricket in Lancashire occurred in the 1781 English season, and the Hambledon Club decided to abandon Broadhalfpenny Down
1781_English_cricket_season
Naval engagement
The action of 1 May 1781 was a naval engagement nearly 210 miles off the Port of Brest in which HMS Canada, a 74-gun third rate of the Royal Navy under
Action_of_1_May_1781
British general during the American War of Independence (1754–1833)
rank of General in his later years. After returning to Great Britain in 1781, Tarleton was elected to Parliament as a member for Liverpool. He served
Banastre_Tarleton
Title
a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 23 October 1781 for Jonathan Lovett of Liscombe in the parish of Soulbury, Buckinghamshire
Lovett_baronets
of the British East India Company (EIC). The French Navy captured her in 1781. She then became a 10-gun corvette of the French Navy, but sank in 1782.
French corvette Diligent (1781)
French_corvette_Diligent_(1781)
1781 comic opera
The Agreeable Surprise is a 1781 comic opera in two acts, with music composed by Samuel Arnold and the libretto by John O'Keeffe. It was first performed
The_Agreeable_Surprise
Painting by Joseph Wright of Derby
Portrait of Sir Brooke Boothby is 1781 portrait painting by the English painter Joseph Wright of Derby. It depicts the English landowner Sir Brooke Boothby
Portrait of Sir Brooke Boothby
Portrait_of_Sir_Brooke_Boothby
organization of the Continental Army, to become effective on January 1, 1781. The number of infantry regiments was reduced to 50 (including Hazen’s 2d
List of Continental Army units (1777–1784)
List_of_Continental_Army_units_(1777–1784)
Lloyd's Register (LR) in the supplemental pages for 1781. An American privateer captured her in 1781 and she became the Pennsylvania letter of marque Admiral
Major_Pierson_(1781_ship)
Events from the year 1781 in Denmark. Monarch – Christian VII Prime minister – Ove Høegh-Guldberg 18 June – The county of Lindenborg is established by
1781_in_Denmark
Ship of the French Navy
Romulus was captured by a French squadron in Chesapeake Bay on 19 February 1781 while escorting a convoy to Portsmouth, North Carolina. Romulus was taken
French_ship_Romulus_(1781)
Uprising against the British East India Company
The 1781 revolt in Bihar was an uprising by certain Zamindars and chieftains against the British East India Company in the Indian state of Bihar. The majority
1781_revolt_in_Bihar
Events from the year 1781 in Canada. Monarch: George III Governor of the Province of Quebec: Frederick Haldimand Governor of Nova Scotia: Commodore-Governor
1781_in_Canada
British raid during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
The raid on Demerara and Essequibo took place between 24 and 27 February 1781 in the context of the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780–1784). Six British privateers
Raid on Essequibo and Demerara (1781)
Raid_on_Essequibo_and_Demerara_(1781)
Irish peer
2nd Earl of Norbury DL (27 June 1781 – 3 January 1839) was an Irish peer. Hector John Toler was born on 27 June 1781. He was the son of John Toler, 1st
Hector Graham-Toler, 2nd Earl of Norbury
Hector_Graham-Toler,_2nd_Earl_of_Norbury
Painting by Thomas Gainsborough
canvas portrait painting by the English artist Thomas Gainsborough, from 1781. It is held in the Royal Collection. It depicts George III, king of Great
Portrait of George III (Gainsborough)
Portrait_of_George_III_(Gainsborough)
Brig of the Royal Navy
In 1781 the British Royal Navy purchased HMS Swallow on the stocks. The Navy sold her in 1795. She became a West Indiaman and a hired armed vessel for
HMS_Swallow_(1781)
British businessman, philanthropist and abolitionist Quaker (1781–1868)
Samuel Fox (1781–1868) was a philanthropist and abolitionist Quaker from Nottingham. Fox was known for his good works in Nottingham. Fox supplied burials
Samuel_Fox_(1781–1868)
Ship of the line of the Royal Navy
Alfred-class third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 18 October 1781 at Portsmouth. A year after her launch she took part in the Battle of the
HMS_Warrior_(1781)
Transport and trading vessel
William and Ann was launched in 1781 at Whitby. From her launch until 1805 she alternated between being a transport and trading with the Baltic. In 1805
William_and_Ann_(1781_ship)
Ship sloop of the Royal Navy
at Plymouth, Massachusetts and commissioned in 1781. HMS Assurance captured Rattlesnake on 17 June 1781 shortly after she set out on her first cruise.
HMS_Cormorant_(1781)
English painter (1781–1835)
Charles Wild (1781–1835) was an English watercolour artist, known as a specialist in architecture. Born in London, England, he was articled young to Thomas
Charles_Wild
Events from the year 1781 in Ireland. Monarch: George III 8 August – construction of The Custom House, Dublin, to the design of James Gandon, begins. First
1781_in_Ireland
English printer and publisher
John Baxter (1781–1858) was an English printer and publisher. Baxter was born at Rickhurst (Rykhurst), Alfold, Surrey, on 20 October 1781. Early in life
John_Baxter_(publisher)
Fifth-rate of the Royal Navy
HMS Dolphin was a 44-gun fifth rate ship of the Royal Navy launched in 1781. Designed by Sir Thomas Slade, she carried her armament on two decks and had
HMS_Dolphin_(1781)
Amazon class frigate of the Royal Navy
32-gun Amazon-class fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1781 and served for 29 years until she was broken up in 1811. Andromache was ordered
HMS_Andromache_(1781)
British merchant and Whig politician (1712-1781)
Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet (22 October 1712 – 21 September 1781) was a British merchant and Whig politician. He was the son of Thomas Dundas and
Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet
Sir_Lawrence_Dundas,_1st_Baronet
Queen Charlotte was built in France and taken in prize c.1781, probably on the Jamaica Station. She first appeared in British on-line records first as
Queen_Charlotte_(1781_ship)
German pianist (1781–1849)
Dorothea von Ertmann (born Dorothea Graumann; 3 May 1781 – 16 March 1849) was a German pianist. Dorothea Graumann was born in Frankfurt and married Stephan
Dorothea_von_Ertmann
French painter and pastel artist
Pierre Allais (c. 1700 – January 14, 1781) was a French painter and pastel artist. Allais was born in Paris. He was admitted to the Academy of Saint-Luc
Pierre_Allais
Warship of the French Navy (1780–1806)
Royal Louis. She was built within 13 month and completed in May 1780. In 1781, stationed in the Antilles, she picked a British convoy. In 1782 she was
French_ship_Invincible_(1780)
Species of beetle
species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fabricius in 1781. Bezark, Larry G. A Photographic Catalog of the Cerambycidae of the World
Onychocerus_scorpio
Georgian prince, diplomat, and military commander
Levan or Leon (Georgian: ლევანი, ლეონი; 2 February 1756 – 5 February 1781) was a Georgian royal prince (batonishvili) of the Bagrationi dynasty, born to
Prince Levan of Georgia (1756–1781)
Prince_Levan_of_Georgia_(1756–1781)
British chemist & physician (c.1708–1781)
William Lewis FRS (c. 1708 – 21 January 1781) was a British chemist and physician. He is known for his writings related to pharmacy and medicine, and for
William Lewis (chemist, died 1781)
William_Lewis_(chemist,_died_1781)
1781 battle
The Raid on Annapolis Royal took place on 29 August 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. The raid involved two American privateers - the Resolution
Raid on Annapolis Royal (1781)
Raid_on_Annapolis_Royal_(1781)
Former home of Frederick Muhlenberg
of Representatives. The house was built in 1763, bought by Muhlenberg in 1781, and occupied by his family until 1791. The first settlers of Trappe were
The_Speaker's_House
Boddington, sometimes referred to as Boddingtons, was a merchant ship launched in 1781 on the River Thames. For the first decade of her career she sailed as a West
Boddington_(1781_ship)
American painter (1780–1839)
John Wesley Jarvis (1780 or 1781 – January 14, 1839) was an American painter. Jarvis was the great, great nephew of Methodist leader John Wesley, and was
John_Wesley_Jarvis
Act of the Parliament of Great Britain
The Continuance of Laws Act 1781 (21 Geo. 3. c. 29) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain that revived and continued various older acts. In the
Continuance_of_Laws_Act_1781
American politician
Brigade in 1781. He was captured by the British Loyalists at the Chatham Courthouse on July 17, 1781, and released on parole later in 1781. After the
Ambrose_Ramsey
Composer and musician (1756–1791)
various masses, and the opera Idomeneo. While he was visiting Vienna in 1781, Mozart's quarrels with his Salzburg employers came to a head and he was
Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart
John Brickell (May 24, 1781 – 1844) was an early settler of Franklin County, Ohio who was abducted by the Lenape Tribe in 1791. For four years, Brickell
John_Brickell
Rullecourt (9 July 1744 – 7 January 1781) was a French Royal Army officer who served in the American Revolutionary War. In 1781, he was mortally wounded commanding
Philippe_de_Rullecourt
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